Kyphosis, a spinal disorder characterized by an abnormal forward curvature of the spine on the sagital plane, has garnered significant attention due to its implications for health and quality of life. Although many etiologic factors have been identified in the development of kyphosis, the most common are posttraumatic, postinfectious and postoperative kyphosis. Various assessment techniques, ranging from physical examination and imaging modalities to novel technologies like computer-assisted analysis, are examined for their efficacy in diagnosing and evaluating the severity of kyphotic deformities. the review discusses the underlying mechanisms of kyphosis, surgical interventions like spinal fusion and corrective osteotomy and preventive measures. This review aims to provide a comprehensive resource for spine surgeons, fostering a deeper understanding of posttraumatic, postoperative and postinfectious kyphosis and guiding the development of more effective management strategies for this complex spinal condition.