`Minimally invasive surgical approach` in spine surgery has become a concept whose popularity is increasing day by day. Although microsurgical treatment of herniated disc is a widely used treatment method, the use of endoscopic surgery as a treatment method is increasing with developing technology and the search for different treatments. Endoscopic lumbar discectomy is also an approach within the scope of minimally invasive surgery and its use is increasing. There are many endoscopic approaches to lumbar disc herniation; interlaminar, extraforaminal and transforaminal approaches are mainly used. In this article, it is aimed to elucidate the definition, technique and patient selection criteria of transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy surgical technique.