In pharmaceutical chemistry and pharmacology, it is important to target and investigate specific molecules in order to develop drugs that can prevent intervertebral disc degeneration. The effect of a drug on the human body occurs as a result of the molecular interaction between the ligand (drug) and the macromolecule (target). The pharmacological activity of the ligand in its domain depends on the position of the ligand atoms and the form of interaction between these atoms. Structure-based drug design involves using the three-dimensional structure of pharmacobiological molecules to design more effective drugs. The significance of this is the potential to identify precise molecular targets that will enable the development of drugs tailored to address the underlying causes of intervertebral disc degeneration. This approach increases the precision and efficiency of drug development, leading to more targeted and effective treatments and may potentially improve outcomes for individuals with this condition. In this review, it was aimed to answer the questions of why we should find the target protein and elucidate its threedimensional structure in structure-based drug design using techniques such as bioinformatics, genomics and proteomics to eliminate intervertebral disc degeneration.