Cervical sagittal balance refers to the alignment and stability of the cervical spine, essential for maintaining an upright head posture. This balance is maintained by the proper alignment of neck muscles, ligaments, and vertebrae. When disrupted, it can lead to issues such as neck pain, limited motion, and radiculopathy. It may also cause balance disturbances in other parts of the spine and posture problems. Factors affecting cervical sagittal balance include age-related degenerative changes, post-surgical complications, trauma, neuromuscular diseases, and obesity. When this balance is lost, severe neurological complications like cervical myelopathy may develop. Surgical treatment is an effective option for such imbalances, though its success depends on the patient`s overall health and the degree of deformity.